Daniel Gookin 🤣

"Major-General Daniel Gookin (1612 – 19 March 1687) was a settler of Virginia and Massachusetts, and a writer on the subject of American Indians. Early life He was born, perhaps in County Cork, Ireland, in the latter part of 1612, the third son of Daniel Gookin of County Kent and County Cork and his wife, Mary Byrd. He was baptized 6 December 1612 at the church of St. Augustine the Less in Bristol. By 1616 his father was living in Carrigaline, Ireland, where Gookin probably spent his childhood, later being sent for education to England. On 1 February 1630/1, shortly after his eighteenth birthday, living at his father's plantation in Virginia, he was indentured to Thomas Addison, second manager of the Marie's Mount plantation. On Addison's retirement, he granted Daniel of land. No record of Gookin's first marriage has been found; on 11 November 1639 a license was granted for the marriage of Daniel Gookin, Gent., of the parish of St. Sepulchre, London, a widower, and Mary Dolling, of the parish of St. Dunstan in the West, London. Between his two voyages to Virginia, it is assumed that Gookin was in military service, as he is referred to as a Kentish "souldier" by Capt. Edward Johnson in his Wonder Working Providence, and "Captain" in Greer's list of immigrants to Virginia. In Virginia In early 1641 Daniel Gookin, his wife Mary, and their infant son Samuel set sail for Virginia and took up residence at the Nansemond plantation. He was made a Burgess and represented Upper Norfolk County in the Grand Assembly which met in Jamestown on 12 January 1641/2. He received a grant of in the upper county of Norfolk on the northwest of the Nansemond River on 29 December 1637, and a further on the Rappahannock River on 4 November 1642. On 24 May 1642 a letter was sent to the Puritan elders of the Church in Boston in the Colony of Massachusetts, asking for ministers, who were in short supply in Virginia. William Thompson of Braintree, John Knowles of Emmanuel College, and Thomas James of New Haven were sent to Virginia. Gookin was among those welcoming them, and became closely associated with Thompson."A constellation of great converts there, Shone round him, and his heavenly glory were GOOKINS was one of these; by Tompson's pains, CHRIST and NEW ENGLAND a dear GOOKINS gains". Cotton Mather, Magnalia Christi Americana, 1:398 However, Governor Berkeley, an adherent to the Church of England, gave them a frigid reception, and at the next meeting of the Assembly in March 1642/3, an act of conformity was passed."For the preservation of the purities of doctrine and unitie of the church, It is enacted that all ministers whatsoever which shall reside in the collony are to be conformable to the orders and constitution of the Church of England, and the laws therein established, and not otherwise to be admitted to teach or preach publickly or privatly, And that the Gov. and Council do take care that all nonconformists upon notice of them shall be compelled to depart the collony with all convenience". (Hennings, Statutes at Large 1:277). Knowles and James left Virginia for New England in April. Thompson, accompanied by Gookin, emigrated in the summer of 1643 to Maryland, where, though under Catholic rule, non-conformists were welcome and tolerated, and where Gookin acquired land near the South and Severn Rivers, near the site of Annapolis. Gookin's brother John died at Lynn Haven early in November 1643; Gookin, no longer bound by any strong ties to Virginia, left his three plantations in the charge of servants and sailed for Boston in May 1644 with his wife and his infant daughter Mary (his son Samuel having died). They arrived in Boston on 20 May 1644, and six days following he was admitted to membership in the First Church. He resided initially at Roxbury, where he was a near neighbor of Rev. John Eliot, Sr., pastor of the First Church of Roxbury and known as the "Apostle to the Indians". Gookin's daughter Elizabeth (baptized 1645) (who was later to marry John Eliot's son, then Edmund Quincy (1628–1698)), and Hannah (baptized 1646) were born at Roxbury, and Gookin was one of the founders of the free grammar school established there in 1645. He was appointed a deputy from Roxbury to the General Court. On 6 April 1648 Gookin sold of his plantation on the Rappahannock to Capt. Thomas Burbage. In New England In July 1648, the Gookin family removed to Cambridge, where he was appointed Captain of the Trained Band, a position he held for the next forty years.The practice then prevailed for a captain to retain command of his company however highly promoted, the immediate command being exercised by the Lieutenant. Thus, while in later years Gookin was Major-General, he was still Captain of the Cambridge company. This unit comprised one of the original elements from which there is direct descendancy to the 182nd Infantry Regiment of the present United States Army. Several muster entries note Gookin's attendance also at meetings of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston. In the spring of 1649, Gookin was chosen as Deputy from Cambridge to the General Court held in Boston. In July 1650, he was in London on public business; he returned in the spring of 1651, and on 7 May he was chosen Speaker. At the election on 26 May 1652 he was chosen an Assistant, one of the Council of eighteen magistrates to whom, with the Governor and a Deputy Governor, the government of the colony was entrusted. Except for a period early in 1676, when he suffered defeat largely because of his sympathetic treatment of Indians during King Philip's War, Gookin was re-elected to this position continuously for a period of thirty-five years. Gookin again returned to London, where Oliver Cromwell had been proclaimed Protector, and Daniel's cousin Vincent Gookin was a member of the first Protectorate Parliament. Cromwell asked that Daniel urge his fellows at Boston to become planters in Jamaica; however, Gookin was unsuccessful at gaining colonists, and returned to England.He reported his failure in a letter of 20 June 1657. Gookin became Collector of Customs at Dunkirk in March 1658/9. When King Charles II returned to Dover, Daniel fled to New England with the regicides General Edward Whalley and Colonel William Goffe. The regicides took up residence at Cambridge, which provoked the English government to appoint a board of commissioners to visit New England and ensure loyalty to the crown. The controversy was managed by the Massachusetts General Court who, largely due to the efforts of Gookin and Thomas Danforth, failed to accomplish their goals. In 1665, the attention of the General Court was brought to the rich lands in the vicinity of Lake Quinsigamond, which Rev. John Eliot had already visited. A committee on which Daniel Gookin served was appointed to view the land and to report "whether it be capable of making a village, and what number of families may be there accommodated, and if they find it fit for a plantation." In the report of this committee made October 20, 1668, the "good chestnut tree" and meadow land was recommended. The General Court accepted this report and appointed Captain Gookin of Cambridge, Daniel Henchman of Boston, Thomas Prentice of Woburn, and Lieutenant Richard Beers of Watertown to plan for a settlement. After purchasing the land from the natives for "twelve pounds lawful money," lots were assigned, and the actual settlement began in 1673. Lots were given to Captains Gookin, Henchman, Prentice, and Lieutenant Beers. Houses were built and then the work suddenly ceased, owing to the outbreak of King Philip's War. All of the buildings erected by the settlers were burned, and Lieutenant Beers was killed in the fight. The settlement was deserted. A second attempt was made in 1685, and Captain John Wing was appointed to fill the place made vacant by the death of Lieutenant Beers. On the petition of Captains Gookin, Henchman, Prentice, and Wing, the settlement was named Worcester. This second settlement was destined to be even as disastrous as the first. Indian outbreaks marked the years between 1686 and 1713—the date of the third and successful settlement of Worcester. Besides his attendance at the sessions of the General Court and at the meetings of the Governor and Council, he served on committees to audit the Treasurer's (John Hull's) accounts, to treat with the mintmaster, to draw up orders concerning the militia, and to visit Harvard College and examine the treasurer's accounts. He served Cambridge as Selectman from 1660 to 1672, and was appointed the first Superintendent of the Praying Indians. In this capacity he traveled to Indian settlements, often accompanied by his friend Rev. Eliot. Gookin wrote two books on the Indians: Historical Collections of the Indians in New England (completed in 1674, published by the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1792), and The Doings and Sufferings of the Christian Indians (completed in 1677, published in 1836). He wrote also a History of New England, but only portions of this have survived. Last years The colony passed laws banning all printing in Massachusetts, except in Cambridge, and then permitting only licensed publications. In 1662 Gookin and Rev. Jonathan Mitchell were appointed as the first licensers of the press, but Gookin declined the position. The king, meanwhile, asked that the colonists submit themselves to him with regard to charter rights; Gookin opposed sending delegates to England, a position that carried the day, and won him great popularity. On 11 May 1681, he was elected Major-General, the Commander-in-Chief of the military forces of the colony. Though he continued, by argument and resistance, to oppose British encroachments upon the colonists' political and commercial liberties, his last year was darkened by the abrogation of the charter government by King James II in 1686. Gookin died on 19 March 1686/7, and was buried in the Old Cambridge Burying Ground, the town's main burial site opposite Harvard's Johnson gate. His table tomb is topped with a heart-shaped inset, probably the work of the Old Boston Stone Cutter, which is very similar to the one for Thomas Savage in King's Chapel Burying Ground, Boston. Family Daniel Gookin, son of Daniel Gookin and Mary Byrd, *married [1] before 1639; *married [2] Mary Dolling, by licence dated 11 November 1639, by whom he had the following children: :1. Samuel Gookin, b. probably 1640 in England; came with parents to Virginia and d. before 1644 :2. Mary Gookin (1642-1702) :3. Elizabeth Gookin (1645-1700), who married first, in 1666, Rev. John Eliot, Jr. (1636-1668) and second, in 1680, Edmund Quincy (1628–1698)"Genealogical and Personal Memoirs Relating to the Families of Boston and Eastern Massachusetts, Vol II", by William Richard Cutter, Lewis Historical Publishing Co., New York (1908), pp. 592-598. :4. Hannah Gookin, baptized Roxbury, Mass. 9 May 1647; died 2 August 1647 :5. Daniel Gookin, b. Cambridge, Mass. 8 April 1649; died 3 September 1649 :6. Daniel Gookin (again) (1650-1718) :7. Samuel Gookin (again) (1652-1730) :8. Solomon Gookin, b. Cambridge 20 June 1654; died 16 July 1654 :9. Nathaniel Gookin (1656-1692) Between Mary Dolling Gookin's death in 1683 and his third marriage, Gookin's household consisted of himself, son Nathaniel — pastor of the First Church, Cambridge — and his 16-year-old grandson, John Eliot, son of Elizabeth Gookin by her first marriage to Rev. John Eliot, Jr. *married [3], before 13 August 1685, to Mrs. Hannah (Tyng) Savage, daughter of Edward and Mary (Sears) Tyng and widow of Habijah Savage. Notes References *Gookins, Richard N., A History and Genealogy of the Gookin Family of England, Ireland, and America, Salem, Oregon, 1991. ;Attribution * External links * Category:1612 births Category:1687 deaths Category:Speakers of the Massachusetts House of Representatives Category:People of colonial Massachusetts Category:Kingdom of Ireland emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies Category:Politicians from Cambridge, Massachusetts Category:Burials in Boston Category:Virginia colonial people Category:People from Suffolk, Virginia "

Hornyhead chub 🤣

"The hornyhead chub (Nocomis biguttatus) is a small species of minnow in the family Cyprinidae of order Cypriniformes. It mainly inhabits small rivers and streams of the northern central USA, up into Canada. The adults inhabit faster, rocky pools of rivers. Range The hornyhead chub ranges from Wyoming, North Dakota, and South Dakota, east to the Hudson River drainage and south to Oklahoma. In South Dakota, the hornyhead chub is at the western edge of its range. Hornyhead chubs have been found in several water bodies in the Minnesota River Basin including the north and south forks of the Yellowbank River, Monigan Creek, Cobb Creek, Whetstone Creek, the North Fork of Whetstone Creek and Gary Creek in Roberts, Grant and Deuel Counties, as well as in Big Stone Lake in Grant County. In 1952, hornyhead chubs were documented to occur in the Big Sioux River drainage, but the exact location is unknown. The hornyhead chub has not been documented in the Big Sioux River drainage since the finding in 1952, and is likely extirpated from this watershed. They are also found in the Mississippi River basin, Red River drainage, Ohio River and lower Kentucky River systems. They can be found from New York west into the Dakotas with isolated populations in the Platte and Colorado River Systems, and north from Manitoba and south into Kentucky. Description The Hornyhead chub is moderate in size and slightly subterminal with an inconspicuous barbel in corner of mouth. This fish has no teeth. A body pattern of a back olive brown in color, with its sides having silvery color, and a belly of white. It also has a dark lateral stripe and a spot at the base of the tail, which is faint or absent in some adults. Fins contain decorative markings. Its body shape is fusiform and robust, round in cross-section. Typical adult size is 100–150 mm TL (4–6 in), with a maximum of about 225 mm (9 in). It has a forked tail and a single relatively short dorsal fin with 8 rays and without spines. Its pelvic fins are abdominal and has no adipose fin. Lastly, its anal fin with 7 rays has no spines. Its distinguishing characteristics are its moderately slightly subterminal mouth, and its defining inconspicuous barbel in the corner of its mouth. It also uniquely has 38-48 lateral line scales and a dark lateral stripe and caudal spot. Breeding adults have numerous large pointed tubercles on the top of their heads, smaller tubercles on their pectoral fins and a red or orange spot on the upper opercle behind their eyes. However juveniles look similar to adults, but have more obvious lateral stripes and caudal spots, and their tails are typically more reddish than the adult's tail. Adults can grow to 11 cm or more, and males commonly grow tubercles on their head during spawning season. Habitat The hornyhead chub is found in rocky pools and runs of creeks and small to medium-sized rivers. The hornyhead chub inhabits riffle/pool sections of small streams to medium- sized rivers. Although they are occasionally found in dark-water streams, they are more commonly found in clear-water streams. Presence is inversely related to turbidity. Vegetation does not necessarily have an effect on abundance of adults, however, the young use vegetation extensively for cover and are found in higher concentrations in these areas, at least for the first several weeks to one month of life. This species is commonly found in water depths of 2 – 6 feet (60 – 181 cm).http://www.seagrant.umn.edu/downloads/redtail_technical.pdf Life history and reproduction Hornyhead chubs spawn from May through June. They become sexually mature at 2 to 3 years of age. Males build a cup shaped depression that they build up with pebbles that can be as large as 1–3 feet across and 6-8 inches high. Eggs and sperm are deposited in depressions in the nests and covered with gravel. Males defend the nest mounds from other N. biguttatus males but not other species. Other species take advantage of this defense and spawn in the nest mounds. The result of this is sometimes accidental hybridization. The same male may spawn with several females. Diet The hornyhead chub is a visual feeder that is active primarily during daylight. A variety of plant and animal food items are commonly reported for hornyhead chubs. Animal food items for the young include: rotifers, cladocerans, copepods, chironomids, and aquatic insect larvae. Older hornyhead chubs are known to consume: clams, snails, crayfish, worms, aquatic insect larvae, and fish. Importance to humans Due to the fact that smallmouth bass, northern pike, and rock bass are thought to prey on the hornyhead chub, this type of minnow is often used as bait during fishing expeditions. Conservation status Globally, the status of the hornyhead chub is secure, but it is considered Critically Imperiled in Wyoming, Kansas, and Pennsylvania, and Possibly or Presumed Extirpated in Colorado and Nebraska. Currently, the National Heritage Program has assigned the hornyhead chub a global ranking of G5 suggesting that the species’ existence is globally secure and of least concern (LC). Etymology of name Etymology: Nocomis: An Indian (North America) name used by Charles Girard; ojibwe, nokomiss = grandmother. Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Cypriniformes (Carps) > Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) > Leuciscinae. Notes References * *"Hornyhead Chub Fish." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d. Web. 4 May 2015. *http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/wrcf/factsheets/hornyhead%20chub.pdf *"HORNYHEAD CHUB." SD GFP. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 May 2015. *"Fish Details." Fish Details. University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute, n.d. Web. 2 May 2015. *Gundersen, Jeff, Paul Tucker, and Richards Carl. "Aquaculture Potential for Hornyhead (Redtail) Chubs " Oecologia 175.1 (2014): 325-34. 2008. Web. *Report on the Status of the Hornyhead Chub Nocomis Biguttatus in Canada. Ottawa: Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, 1988. Web. *"Hornyhead Chub." Fishes of Boneyard Creek. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 May 2015. Category:Chubs (fish) Category:Nocomis Category:Fish of Canada Category:Freshwater fish of the United States Category:Fish described in 1840 Category:Freshwater fish of North America "

Bernard Holley 🤣

"Bernard Holley (born 9 August 1940 in Eastcote, Middlesex) is a British actor whose career has spanned more than 50 years. He attended the Rose Bruford Drama School and Kilburn Grammar School, and made his first professional stage appearance at the Theatre Royal, Lincoln in 1963. Holley first rose to prominence in the long-running UK police drama series Z-Cars as PC Newcombe, a character he played for four years. He is also well known for his appearances in Doctor Who, first as Peter Haydon in The Tomb of the Cybermen (1967), starring Patrick Troughton as the Doctor, and later as the Axon Man in The Claws of Axos (1971), starring Jon Pertwee. Holley reprised his role as Axos in a new Doctor Who audio drama, The Feast of Axos, opposite Colin Baker, which was released on CD in February 2011. Other regular roles include Detective Inspector Mike Turnbull in The Gentle Touch (1982–84), a character he also played in the follow-up series C.A.T.S. Eyes in 1985. He later played Richard in two seasons of Birds of a Feather in 1998. He also appeared as the Chief Constable in the popular drama series A Touch of Frost, in 1999 and returned to play the role in 2003. His recent television appearances have included roles in Hollyoaks, EastEnders, Doctors and Holby City. Holley has also voiced hundreds of TV commercials, including the campaign for the PlayStation 3 game LittleBigPlanet, and has presented many corporate videos. His film roles have included appearances in Travels with My Aunt (1972) and the cult film The Deadly Females (1976). Holley has also worked consistently on the stage in theatres all over the UK, including the Farnham, Brighton, Manchester, Edinburgh, Derby and Norwich. His most recent stage role was in Allan Monkhouse's Mary Broome at the Orange Tree Theatre, Richmond, in 2011. References External links *Bernard Holley's Showreel - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dgPjMm8OKY4 Category:1940 births Category:English male television actors Category:Living people Category:People educated at Kilburn Grammar School Category:English male stage actors Category:People from Eastcote "