Jess (falconry) 🐷

"Aylmeri anklet with grommet on 250px A jess (plural "jesses") is a thin strap, traditionally made from leather, used to tether a hawk or falcon in falconry. Jesses allow a falconer to keep control of a bird while it is on the glove or in training, and allow a bird to be secured on a perch outside its aviary. Types Jesses come in various types: * Flying/Hunting jesses: short jesses without the swivel slit so as to not hamper the hawk as it flies or to snag on things as it moves from perch to perch—mainly to help control the bird while on the glove in the field. Flying jesses are often even smaller and lighter than hunting jesses, and are permanently attached to their anklets so they will not be lost; both types may have the swivel slit on them, based on the falconer's preference, but most often do not. * Mews jesses: long jesses that the hawk wears while it is in a mews or an aviary. * Traditional and Aylmeri: See below. Description Jesses are generally made from strips of leather as thin as possible, for which purpose kangaroo leather has become increasingly popular over the years, as it is thin, light-weight and extremely durable with proper care. Jess size varies depending on the bird, but the width is proportional to leg-length. Traditional jesses are made from a single length of leather, and slits are placed strategically along the jess to allow it to be looped through itself and around the ankle of the bird so that it fits comfortably but securely about and just above what would be the bird's ankle. With Aylmeri jesses, as created by Major Guy Aylmeri, the end of the jess is instead looped through itself repeatedly to form a "button", or knob at one end. The thin, pliable end of the jess is then threaded through an anklet worn by the bird, which is itself formed of another rectangular strip of leather, bound together at the ends by a grommet (usually of brass), prevented from slipping through the grommet by the knobbed end. Often, another slit is placed near the thin end of the jess cut about one inch long and running lengthwise, through which a special type of swivel is fitted, preventing the whole arrangement from twisting or tangling about itself or the bird when a leash is threaded through the other end. Their intent is more to prevent the risk of the bird deciding to chase something it shouldn't, and less to keep the bird from getting away, as falconry birds are routinely (and as part of the sport) set free—the bond between bird and falconer serves as a much better leash than any leather or rope ever will; however, it is not always desirable that a bird be able to take flight at its own whim, and both on the glove and on the perch, jesses help ensure this. During hunting season (small game season for North American falconers), jesses are generally worn all season in the mews, and are often removed for the course of the spring/summer moult, when they are generally re-oiled and serviced as necessary. References Category:Falconry "

Brazilian aircraft carrier São Paulo 🐷

"NAe São Paulo (pennant number A12) was a in service with the Brazilian Navy. São Paulo was first commissioned in 1963 by the French Navy as and was transferred in 2000 to Brazil, where she became the new flagship of the Brazilian Navy. IHS Jane's reported that during its career with the Brazilian Navy, São Paulo suffered from serviceability issues and never managed to operate for more than three months at a time without the need for repairs and maintenance.Brazil seeking to modernise Sao Paulo aircraft carrier, extend life to 2039, janes.com, 8 December 2014 On 14 February 2017, the navy announced the ship's demobilisation and subsequent decommissioning.. Background The aircraft carrier São Paulo was built in France between 1957 and 1960, and served in the French Navy as Foch. In September 2000, she was purchased by Brazil for US$30 million – no aircraft were included in the price – to replace the aged World War II-era carrier , which had been in commission for over 40 years. Brazil had previously approached other countries, such as Spain, who wanted to construct a US$500 million carrier for Brazil, about the acquisition of a carrier. The government had already purchased a flotilla of 23 used A-4 Skyhawk fighter planes from Kuwait for $70 million; these planes, along with existing helicopters already in the national defense inventory, were to compose the São Paulo fighter-bomber group. These A-4s (designated AF-1) are capable of carrying armament including rockets, free-fall bombs, and Sidewinder air-to-air missiles. The Clemenceau-class aircraft carriers, of which São Paulo is the last surviving member, are of conventional CATOBAR design. The flight deck is long by wide; the landing area is angled at 8 degrees off of the ship's axis. The forward aircraft elevator is to starboard, and the rear elevator is positioned on the deck edge to save hangar space. The forward of two catapults is on the bow to port; the second catapult is farther back on the angled landing deck. The hangar deck dimensions are by with overhead. In September 2000, São Paulo was purchased while still operational, an unusual process for such a large ship. She was received by the Brazilian Navy and was incorporated into the Brazilian Navy on 15 November 2000. The incorporation of São Paulo and the AF-1 fighter group marked the realization of Brazil's long-held goal of being able to conduct aerial defense of its naval forces with fixed-wing aircraft. President Fernando Henrique Cardoso noted during the transfer ceremony that: Since her construction, São Paulo has received multiple upgrades, leaving her with a diverse range of technologies. The carrier arrived in Rio de Janeiro on 17 February 2001. Brazilian service AF-1 Skyhawk (A-4KU) on board São Paulo In her first three years of service as São Paulo, the ship completed several missions, some in foreign waters, particularly Operations ARAEX,. PASSEX, and TEMPEREX,. which is used annually to qualify and train the Argentine Navy's Super Étendards and S-2T Turbo Trackers.. Toward the end of its commissioned life, São Paulo mainly served to train pilots to fly carrier operations. She was actively used for the qualification and re-qualification of rotary and fixed-wing pilots (with about 500 catapult launches), and she was used during the first Brazilian exercises to practice carrier-based attack missions. =2005 fire= On 17 May 2005, an explosion took place in the steam network of the engine room."Explosion kills one in Brazilian aircraft carrier". Xinhua.net. 18 May 2005 The explosion initially killed one crew member and injured ten others. All casualties were airlifted by helicopter to the Marcilio Dias Naval Hospital, Rio de Janeiro. Two of the injured crew later died in hospital from their injuries. Cause of the explosion was a rupture in the steam pipeline. After this accident, the Navy decided to undertake an extensive overhaul to repair and modernize the ship.Operti, Carlos Filipe, Pg. 36, Combat Aircraft Monthly, US Edition, Vol. 12, No. 12, December 2011 =Upgrade (2005–2010) and sea trials= View of the forward flight deck of the Brazilian aircraft carrier São Paulo in 2003. Four McDonnell Douglas AF-1 (A-4) Skyhawk fighters and an Argentine Navy Grumman S-2T Tracker are visible. During 2005–10, São Paulo underwent extensive modernization. The upgrade included inspection and repair of the steam turbines; maintenance of the surface condensers; retubing of boilers; repair of two high-pressure compressors; revision of the AC electrical generator; purchase of spare parts; maintenance of pumps, valves, and structural items; addition of two API oil-water separators; installation of two water cooling units; upgrade of the chemical oxygen generator; repair and treatment of oil tanks; substitution of the Naval Tactical Data System; installation of a closed-circuit television system; installation of an IFF transponder; installation of a MAGE system (ESM); flight deck inspection, repair, and painting; upgrade of the Optical Landing System processing unit; and revision of the aircraft catapults. The upgrade was completed in July 2009, and the São Paulo was initially due to be fully operational by August 2010. Twelve Brazilian Navy A-4 Skyhawks were also scheduled to be upgraded by Embraer at a cost of $140 million. The upgrade was similar to the ones done for the AMX and F-5EM aircraft of the Brazilian Air Force. The program included restoring the aircraft and their current systems, as well as implementing new avionics, radar (specifically the Elta 2032 radar system), power production, and autonomous oxygen generating systems. Possible weapons to be included in the upgrade were MAA-1B, Python 4, and Derby AAMS. The Brazilian Navy contracted Marsh Aviation to convert four S-2T Turbo Trackers to an airborne early warning (AEW) configuration, and four more for tanking and Carrier Onboard Delivery duties. According to an article in the October 2010 issue of Air Forces Monthly, it has been confirmed that Brazil has purchased ex-Australian and ex-Uruguayan C-1 Trader airframes, for conversion into AEW planes and Tanker aircraft. All of the planes were to be upgraded to S-2T Turbo Tracker configuration with Honeywell TPE 331-14GR engines. The purchase included nine airframes, of which two were for tanker conversion to refuel the AF-1 Skyhawks, and three were for AEW. The rest were purchased as for spares or for cargo duties. The AEW radar requirement was to have a range of 250 miles at 25,000 feet. Operational lifespan for the airframes was to be 10 years. They were expected to be ready in 2011 and 2012. São Paulos SH-3 helicopter fleet was to be replaced by six S-70B Seahawk helicopters. They were purchased in 2008, upgraded, and refurbished for delivery. The helicopters and a package of engines and support equipment were scheduled for delivery in 2009. At the end of 2010, sea trials began, and as of 2011 São Paulo had been evaluated by the CIASA (Inspection Commission and Training Advisory). =Refit and decommissioning (2012–2018)= São Paulo was expected to rejoin the fleet in late 2013, but suffered another major fire in 2012.. As of September 2016, she continued to undergo repairs; the commander of the Brazilian Navy, Admiral Eduardo Leal Ferreira, said plans were in place to renew the carrier's propulsion system. The ship's catapult was also reported to have problems. On 14 February 2017, the Navy announced the ship would be demobilised and subsequently decommissioned, citing the uneconomical cost of further repairs.. The Brazilian Navy formally decommissioned the aircraft carrier NAe São Paulo on 22 November 2018.. As of February 2020, there is an effort to turn the ship into a museum. Crew São Paulos complement was 1,920 (the ship's company is 64 officers and 1274 sailors, with an additional 582 in the air group).Navio Aeródromo São Paulo – A 12 Poder Naval. Retrieved on 24 June 2009. Gallery File:A12 & CVN76.jpgSão Paulo (foreground) and during a combined training exercise in June 2004 File:Aircraft carrier Sao Paulo in Rio 12-2007.jpgSão Paulo in Rio de Janeiro in 2007 File:PR NAe SP.jpegThen-President Lula, his wife Marisa Letícia and Espírito Santo's governor Paulo Hartung aboard São Paulo, August 2004 File:Argentine S-2T landing on carrier Sao Paulo 2006.jpgArgentine Navy Turbo Tracker operating on São Paulo File:SH-3D Sea King on Brazilian carrier Sao Paulo 2003.jpgSea King landing in 2003 File:A-4KU landing on carrier Sao Paulo 2003.jpgMcDonnell Douglas AF-1 Skyhawk (A-4KU) from fighter squadron VF-1 Falcões catching the arrestor wire aboard the aircraft carrier São Paulo File:Brazilian aircraft carrier São Paulo (A12).jpgSão Paulo at sea See also *List of aircraft carriers *List of ship commissionings in 2000 *NAeL Minas Gerais *Brazilian amphibious assault ship Atlântico Notes References External links * . * , anchored in Rio de Janeiro. * Category:Ships built in France Category:1959 ships Category:Active aircraft carriers of Brazil Category:Clemenceau-class aircraft carriers of the Brazilian Navy Category:Brazil–France relations "

Heald Green railway station 🐷

"Heald Green railway station serves the suburb of Heald Green in Stockport, England. The station is on the Styal Line, opened in 1909 by the London & North Western Railway, between Slade Lane Junction (north of ) and . To the south of the station is Heald Green Junction, a triangular junction for the branch to . This two-platform station is used by Northern; there are regular services to and Manchester Airport with some services continuing to and . Station facilities Heald Green is a staffed station with ticket purchasing facilities available. Both platforms have Ticket Vending Machines. Both platforms have waiting shelters with metal seating, with platform one having a station building which includes a small waiting room, ticket office and timetables. Both platforms have electronic departure boards as well as automated audio announcements. Interchange between platforms requires you to leave the station and cross over the tracks by using the road bridge at the north end of the station. Services Since May 2019, the basic Monday to Friday off-peak service comprises three trains per hour to , of which one continues to ; one per hour to via ; one per hour to via , most of which continue to or ; and one per hour to . On Sundays, the service is similar except that the service continuing from terminates at instead of , and there is only an hourly service to , with most trains continuing to via . References Further reading * External links Category:Railway stations in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport Category:Former London and North Western Railway stations Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1909 Category:Northern franchise railway stations "